ClaimShunning and familyverified1980sIndependent finding

Ostracisme et famille · Claim record

Dans l'affaire Paul v. Watchtower (819 F.2d 875, 9th Cir. 1987), la cour a jugé que l'ostracisme fait 'partie de la foi' et qu'il est 'protégé par la Constitution', tout en reconnaissant que 'les préjudices subis par Janice Paul sont réels et non négligeables' et en les décrivant comme 'un prix qui vaut largement la peine d'être payé pour préserver le droit à la différence religieuse' ; la Cour suprême a refusé d'examiner l'affaire ; La Tour de Garde du 15 avril 1988 a présenté l'affaire comme confirmant qu'une personne mise à l'écart 'cannot recover damages'.

Claim ID claim-shunning-usa-paul-1987Concerns 10 juin 1987Constat indépendant

L’affirmation et ses preuves

Constat indépendant · 10 juin 1987 Vérifié

Dans l'affaire Paul v. Watchtower (819 F.2d 875, 9th Cir. 1987), la cour a jugé que l'ostracisme fait 'partie de la foi' et qu'il est 'protégé par la Constitution', tout en reconnaissant que 'les préjudices subis par Janice Paul sont réels et non négligeables' et en les décrivant comme 'un prix qui vaut largement la peine d'être payé pour préserver le droit à la différence religieuse' ; la Cour suprême a refusé d'examiner l'affaire ; La Tour de Garde du 15 avril 1988 a présenté l'affaire comme confirmant qu'une personne mise à l'écart 'cannot recover damages'. Source: United States Court of Appeals for the Ninth Circuit, Paul v. Watchtower Bible & Tract Society of New York, Inc., 819 F.2d 875 (9th Cir. 1987), No. 85-4012, 10 juin 1987Source: The Watchtower, 15 avril 1988

Position de l’organisation ou explication ultérieure : w88 4/15 par. 20 : 'the person is feeling a loss brought on by his or her own actions'.

Afficher les preuves (2 sources)
Document public officiel Vérifié

United States Court of Appeals for the Ninth Circuit, Paul v. Watchtower Bible & Tract Society of New York, Inc., 819 F.2d 875 (9th Cir. 1987), No. 85-4012, “Opinion by Reinhardt, Circuit Judge (Wright, Tang, Reinhardt)”

10 juin 1987 · pp.819 F.2d 875 · paras 1, 11-12, 23, 36-37 (as numbered in the Public.Resource.Org text) · United States Court of Appeals, Ninth Circuit

“Although we recognize that the harms suffered by Janice Paul are real and not insubstantial, permitting her to recover for intangible or emotional injuries would unconstitutionally restrict the Jehovah’s Witnesses free exercise of religion. ... The constitutional guarantee of the free exercise of religion requires that society tolerate the type of harms suffered by Paul as a price well worth paying to safeguard the right of religious difference that all citizens enjoy.”

Facts: Paul left in 1975 after her parents were disfellowshipped; after the 1981 change, former friends 'told Paul that she was to be treated as if she had been disfellowshiped and that they could not speak with her'. Holding: 'Because the practice of shunning is a part of the faith of the Jehovah’s Witness, we find that the "free exercise" provision ... precludes the plaintiff from prevailing. The defendants have a constitutionally protected privilege to engage in the practice of shunning.' Argued 7 March 1986. Certiorari denied, 484 U.S. 926 (2 Nov 1987) (CourtListener search record opened).

Note de provenance et de vérification for United States Court of Appeals for the Ninth Circuit, Paul v. Watchtower Bible & Tract Society of New York, Inc., 819 F.2d 875 (9th Cir. 1987), No. 85-4012, Opinion by Reinhardt, Circuit Judge (Wright, Tang, Reinhardt)

Note sur la fiabilité. Full opinion text opened on law.resource.org (Public.Resource.Org copy of the Federal Reporter); wording confirmed. Justia, FindLaw and CourtListener pages were blocked or empty.

Provenance de la numérisation. Public.Resource.Org (public-domain court opinion).

Corroboré par. src-w-1988-0415-discipline-peaceable-fruit

Date de consultation. 19 septembre 2026 · Identifiant de la source. src-court-us-1987-0610-paul-v-watchtower

Publication primaire des Témoins de Jéhovah Vérifié

The Watchtower, “Discipline That Can Yield Peaceable Fruit”

15 avril 1988 · pp.26-31 · par. 3, 13-14, 17, 20, 23; footnote a · Watch Tower Bible and Tract Society of Pennsylvania

“The situation is different if the disfellowshipped or disassociated one is a relative living outside the immediate family circle and home. It might be possible to have almost no contact at all with the relative. Even if there were some family matters requiring contact, this certainly would be kept to a minimum”

Household relatives: 'normal family affections and dealings can continue' (par. 13). Reports the outcome of Paul v. Watchtower and concludes a shunned person 'cannot recover damages ... the person is feeling a loss brought on by his or her own actions' (par. 20). Footnote a: 2 John 11 'could well mean not to say even "hello" to such ones'.

Note de provenance et de vérification for The Watchtower, Discipline That Can Yield Peaceable Fruit

Note sur la fiabilité. Raw WOL HTML fetched; wording and page markers 26-31 confirmed.

Corroboré par. src-court-us-1987-0610-paul-v-watchtower

Date de consultation. 19 septembre 2026 · Identifiant de la source. src-w-1988-0415-discipline-peaceable-fruit

Page de l’affirmation Corriger ou mettre à jour

A direct link to this claim is https://jwtruth.org/fr/evidence/claim-shunning-usa-paul-1987/. Every source above opens the original document or the best available copy. If you believe the wording, date or context is wrong, report an error.